a heavenly body

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lūmĭnāre, āris, n. [lumen], that whieh gives light, a light-giver (mostly in plur.).

A luminary, a heavenly body:

fecitque Deus duo luminaria magna,

Vulg. Gen. 1, 16.—

A light, lamp, burned in the Jewish temple and in Christian churches, Vulg. Exod. 35, 8 (cf. lucerna):

accenduntur luminaria,

Hier. adv. Vigil. 3.—

A window-shutter, window:

luminaria lata,

Cato, R. R. 14:

octavam partem tolli luminarium aedium ad Streniae memineris,

Cic. Att. 15, 26, 4.

orbis, is (nom. orbs, Ven. Carm. 8, 5. — Abl. regul. orbe;

but orbi,

Lucr. 5, 74:

ex orbi,

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 16; Rutil. ap. Charis. p. 112 P.: orbi terrae, in the meaning in the world, Cic. Sest. 30, 66; so,

orbi terrarum,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 82 Halm; id. Dom. 10, 24; id. Fragm. ap. Charis. p. 112 P.), m. [etym. dub.; perh. akin to Sanscr. dhvar, bend, twist], any thing of a circular shape, a ring, round surface, disk, hoop, orbit, orb, a circle (class.; cf.: circus, circulus, gyrus, spira).

Lit.:

in orbem torquere,

Cic. Univ. 7:

curvare aliquid in orbem,

Ov. M. 2, 715:

certumque equitavit in orbem,

id. ib. 12, 468.—Of a ring:

et digitum justo commodus orbe teras,

fit exactly, Ov. Am. 2, 15, 6:

unionum,

roundness, Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 113.—Of a circle formed by men:

ut in orbem consisterent,

place themselves in a circle, form a circle, Caes. B. G. 5, 33:

cum illi, orbe facto, se defenderent,

id. ib. 4, 37:

orbem volventes suos increpans,

Liv. 4, 28:

in orbem pugnare,

id. 28, 22, 15:

in orbem sese stantibus equis defendere,

id. 28, 33, 15: stella (phaethôn) eundem duodecim signorum orbem annis duodecim conficit, the zodiac, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52:

lacteus,

the Milky Way, id. Rep. 6, 16, 16.—Of the orbit of a heavenly body:

sidera circulos suos orbesque conficiunt,

Cic. Rep. 6, 15, 15.—Of a serpent, the windings, coils:

immensis orbibus angues Incumbunt pelago,

Verg. A. 2, 204.—Of a circular surface or disk:

orbis mensae,

a round table-top, Ov. H. 17, 87; cf. Juv. 11, 122.—Also, simply orbes, a round table, Mart. 2, 43; Juv. 1, 137.—Of a quoit or discus:

ictus ab orbe,

Ov. Ib. 590.—Of the scale of a balance:

instabilis natat alterno depressior orbe,

Tib. 4, 1, 44.—Of a mirror:

addidit et nitidum sacratis crinibus orbem,

Mart. 9, 18, 5.—Of a shield:

illa (hasta) per orbem Aere cavum triplici... Transiit,

Verg. A. 10, 783; Petr. 89.—Of a mosaic pavement of rounded pieces [p. 1276] of marble, Juv. 11, 175.—Of a scale, one side of a balance, Tib. 4, 1, 44.—Of the millstones of an oil-mill, Cato, R. R. 22.—Of the wooden disk placed over olives in pressing them, Cato, R. R. 18.—Of the hoop or tire of a wheel:

rotarum orbes circumacti,

Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 52.—Of the wheel itself:

undaque jam tergo ferratos sustinet orbes,

Verg. G. 3, 361.—Hence, the wheel of fortune, Tib. 1, 5, 70; Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 7; id. P. 2, 3, 56.—Of the socket of the eye:

inanem luminis orbem,

Ov. M. 14, 200.—Of the eye itself:

gemino lumen ab orbe venit,

Ov. Am. 1, 8, 16:

ardentes oculorum orbes ad moenia torsit,

Verg. A. 12, 670.—Of the sun's disk or orb:

lucidus orbis,

Verg. G. 1, 459.—Of the moon's disk or orb:

quater junctis implevit cornibus orbem Luna, quater plenum tenuata retexuit orbem,

Ov. M. 7, 530.—Of the circle of the world, the world, the universe:

Juppiter arce suā totum cum spectet in orbem,

Ov. F. 1, 85:

renatus,

the new-born day, Sil. 5, 56: terrarum or terrae, the circle or orb of the earth, the world (since the ancients regarded the earth as a circular plane or disk):

permittitur infinita potestas orbis terrarum,

Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 33:

ager Campanus orbis terrae pulcherrimus,

id. ib. 2, 28, 76; id. Sest. 30, 66:

cunctus ob Italiam terrarum clauditur orbis?

Verg. A. 1, 233; cf. id. ib. 7, 224.—Also, simply orbis (so mostly poet.):

hic, ubi nunc Roma est orbis caput, arbor et herbae,

Ov. F. 5, 93:

unus,

Juv. 10, 168; 4, 148:

universus,

Vulg. Luc. 2, 1; id. Apoc. 12, 9.—Hence, a country, region, territory:

Eoo dives ab orbe redit,

the East, Ov. F. 3, 466:

Assyrius,

Juv. 2, 108:

noster,

Plin. 12, 12, 26, § 45.— A kind of fish, Plin. 32, 2, 5, § 14 Sillig; cf. Isid. Orig. 12, 6, 6.—

Trop., a circle.

Of things that return at a certain period of time, a rotation, round, circuit:

ut idem in singulos annos orbis volveretur,

Liv. 3, 10:

insigne regium in orbem per omnes iret,

in rotation, id. 3, 36:

orbis hic in re publicā est conversus,

the circle of political changes, Cic. Att. 2, 9, 1.—

Orbis doctrinae, an encyclopœdia: orbis ille doctrinae quam Graeci enkuklion paideian vocant, Quint. 1, 10, 1.—

Of speech, a rounding off, roundness, rotundity:

circuitum, et quasi orbem verborum conficere,

Cic. de Or. 3, 51, 198:

orationis,

id. Or. 71, 234:

historia non tam finitos numeros quam orbem quendam contextumque desiderat,

Quint. 9, 4, 129.—

A circle or cycle of thought:

sententiae Pyrrhonis in hunc orbem quem circumscripsimus, incidere non possunt,

Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 23; cf.:

circa vilem patulumque orbem,

Hor. A. P. 132.—

Esp.: in orbem ire, to go the rounds, go around:

quinque dierum spatio finiebatur imperium ac per omnes in orbem ibant,

in turn, Liv. 1, 17, 6; 3, 36, 3.

sīdus, ĕris, n. [cf. Sanscr. svid, to sweat, melt; Gr. sidêros (molten) iron; Lat. sudo].

Stars united in a figure, a group of stars, a constellation (and hence mostly plur.;

only so ap. Cic., Cæs., and Quint.): sunt stellae quidem singulares, ut erraticae quinque et ceterae, quae non admixtae aliis solae feruntur: sidera vero, quae in aliquod signum stellarum plurium compositione formantur, ut Aries, Taurus, Andromeda, Perseus, vel Corona et quaecumque variarum genera formarum in caelum recepta creduntur. Sic et apud Graecos aster et astron diversa significant et aster stella una est, astron signum stellis coactum, quod nos sidus vocamus,

Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 14 med.

Plur.:

illi sempiterni ignes, quae sidera et stellas vocatis,

Cic. Rep. 6, 15, 15:

signis sideribusque caelestibus,

id. N. D. 1, 13, 35:

circuitus solis et lunae reliquorumque siderum,

id. ib. 2, 62, 155; cf.:

solem lunamque praecipua siderum,

Quint. 2, 16, 6; and:

in sole sidera ipsa desinunt cerni,

id. 8, 5, 29:

siderum regina bicornis Luna,

Hor. C. S. 35:

Arcturi sidera,

Verg. G. 1, 204:

solis, i. e. sol,

Ov. M. 14, 172:

sidera, quae vocantur errantia,

Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89; so,

errantia,

Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 32:

siderum motus,

Cic. Rep. 3, 2, 3; id. Lael. 23, 88:

sidera viderit innumerabilia,

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 69; id. Fin. 2, 31, 102; id. N. D. 2, 15, 39 et saep.; * Caes. B. G. 6, 14 fin.; Quint. 1, 4, 4; 2, 17, 38; 12, 11, 10 al.; Lucr. 1, 231; 1, 788; 1, 1065:

candida,

id. 5, 1210:

alta,

Verg. A. 3, 619:

surgentia,

id. ib. 6, 850:

radiantia,

Ov. M. 7, 325:

turbata,

Stat. Th. 12, 406 al.:

lucida,

Hor. C. 1, 3, 2; 3, 1, 32; id. Epod. 3, 15; 5, 45; 17, 5.—

Sing., a heavenly body, a star; and collect., a group of stars, a constellation:

clarum Tyndaridae sidus,

Hor. C. 4, 8, 31:

fervidum,

Sirius, id. Epod. 1, 27;

nivosum sidus Pleiadum,

Stat. S. 1, 1, 95:

insana Caprae sidera,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 6:

Baccho placuisse coronam, Ex Ariadnaeo sidere nosse potes,

Ov. F. 5, 346;

so of the constellation Arcturus,

Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 311 (for which, in the plur.:

Arcturi sidera,

Verg. G. 1, 204); of Capella, Ov. M. 3, 594; of the Vergiliae, Liv. 21, 35, 6; Curt. 5, 6, 12; of Saturn, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 32 sq.; Juv. 6, 569; of Venus, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 36; Luc. 1, 661; of the Moon:

sidus lunae,

Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 41; of the Sun:

calidi sideris aestu,

Tib. 2, 1, 47:

aetherium,

Ov. M. 1, 424; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:

solstitiale,

Just. 13, 7 fin.; cf.: sidus utrumque, for the rising and setting sun, Petr. poët. 119, 2; and also for the sun and moon, Plin. 2, 13, 10, §§ 56 and 57.— Poet., collect.:

nec sidus fefellit,

i. e. through ignorance, Verg. A. 7, 215.—

Transf. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

The sky, the heavens, = caelum. (Juppiter) terram, mare, sidera movit, Ov. M. 1, 180: (Hercules) flammis ad sidera missus, Juv.11,63; cf.:

abrupto sidere nimbus It,

Verg. A. 12, 451:

sidera observare,

Curt. 7, 4, 28.—

Like caelum, to denote a very great height:

Pyramidum sumptus ad sidera ducti,

Prop. 3, 2 (4, 1), 17:

evertunt actas ad sidera pinus,

Verg. A. 11, 136; cf. Juv. 11, 63:

ad sidera Erigitur,

Verg. A. 9, 239:

aves, quas naturalis levitas ageret ad sidera,

Curt. 4, 5, 3:

domus quae vertice sidera pulsat,

Mart. 8, 36, 11; 9, 62, 10; Verg. G. 2, 427; id. A. 3, 243; id. E. 5, 62 al.—

Trop. (also like caelum), as the summit or height of fame, fortune, success, etc.:

quodsi me lyricis vatibus inseris, Sublimi feriam sidera vertice,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 36:

vertice sidera tangere,

Ov. M. 7, 61; cf.:

tuum nomen... Cantantes sublime ferent ad sidera cygni,

Verg. E. 9, 29:

usque ad sidera notus,

id. ib. 5, 43: contingere sidera plantis, to walk upon the stars (like the gods) (of one exceedingly fortunate), Prop. 1, 8, 43 (1, 8 b, 17); cf.:

celerique fugā sub sidera lapsae,

Verg. A. 3, 243.—

For night:

exactis sideribus,

Prop. 1, 3, 38:

sidera producere ludo,

Stat. Th. 8, 219; cf.:

sideribus dubiis,

at dawn, Juv. 5, 22.—

A star, as a comparison for any thing bright, brilliant, shining, beautiful, etc. (syn.:

stella, astrum): oculi, geminae, sidera nostra, faces,

Prop. 2, 3, 14;

so of the eyes,

Ov. Am. 2, 16, 44; 3, 3, 9; id. M. 1, 499:

sidere pulchrior Ille,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 12, 47;

of form, beauty,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 26; Val. Fl. 5, 468.—

Concr., ornament, pride, glory:

o sidus Fabiae, Maxime, gentis ades,

Ov. P. 3, 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 6, 9;

Col. poët, 10, 96: puerum egregiae praeclarum sidere formae,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 26:

Macedoniae columen ac sidus,

Curt. 9, 6, 8.—As a term of endearment, my star, Suet. Calig. 13 fin.; Hor. Epod. 17, 41.—

Season of the year:

quo sidere terram Vertere Conveniat,

Verg. G. 1, 1; cf.:

hiberno moliris sidere classem?

id. A. 4, 309:

sidere aequinoctii quo maxime tumescit Oceanus,

Tac. A. 1, 70; cf.:

brumale sidus,

Ov. P. 2, 4, 25:

sidere flagrante brumali,

Amm. 27, 12, 12.—

Climate, weather, etc.:

ut patrios fontes patriumque sidus ferre consuevisti,

Plin. Pan. 15, 3; so,

sub nostro sidere,

Juv. 12, 103:

tot inhospita saxa Sideraque emensae,

i.e. regions, Verg. A. 5, 628:

grave sidus et imbrem vitare,

tempest, storm, Ov. M. 5, 281:

triste Minervae (raised by Minerva),

Verg. A. 11, 260.—Colloquially, with confectus: intellegitur sidus confectum, i. e. that the weather ( occasioned by a constellation) is ended, Plin. 16, 23, 36, § 87; 18, 25, 57, § 207:

fertur in abruptum casu, non sidere, puppis,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 424.—

With allusion to the influence which the ancients believed the constellations to have upon the health or the destiny of men, star, destiny, etc.:

pestifero sidere icti,

Liv. 8, 9, 12: sidere afflari, to be blasted or palsied by a constellation, to be planet-struck or sunstruck, astroboleisthai, Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 108; Petr. 2, 7; cf.:

sidere percussa lingua,

Mart. 11, 85, 1:

subito fias ut sidere mutus,

id. 7, 92, 9;

v. sideror and sideratio: sidera natalicia,

Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91; cf.:

o sidere dextro Edite,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 63:

adveniet fausto cum sidere conjux,

Cat. 64, 330:

vivere duro sidere,

Prop. 1, 6, 36:

grave sidus,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 45 Jahn:

per alias civitates ut sidus salutare susciperetur,

as arbiter of their destiny, Amm. 21, 10, 2.

sōl, sōlis, m. [Sanscr. svar, shine; cf. Gr. Seirios, seir, selas, Helenê; and Lat. serenus].

Sing., the sun, as a heavenly body.

In gen.:

tempora duorum generum sunt, unum annale, quod sol circuitu suo finit,

Varr. R. R. 1, 27:

solis cursus lunaeque meatus,

Lucr. 5, 77:

annum ad cursum solis accommodavit,

Suet. Caes. 40:

liquidi fons luminis aetherius sol,

Lucr. 5, 282:

quid potest esse sole majus?

Cic. Ac. 2, 26, 82:

illud dubium esse nulli potest quin arcus imago solis sit,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 11.—

Esp.

Sol oriens or solis ortus, the east, as a quarter of the heavens:

spectant in septemtrionem et orientem solem,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1; 5, 13; 7, 69; cf.:

a sole exoriente supra Maeotis paludes, Cic. poët. Tusc. 5, 17, 49: si illud signum solis ortum conspiceret,

id. Cat. 3, 8, 20:

facem stellae ab ortu solis ad occidentem porrigi visam,

Liv. 29, 14, 3:

ab ortu solis flare venti,

id. 25, 27, 6.—

Sol occidens or solis occasus, the west:

alterum (litus) vergit ad solem occidentem,

Caes. B. G. 5, 13:

laborant ut spectent sua triclinaria ad solem occidentem,

Varr. R. R. 1, 13 fin.:

spectat inter occasum solis et septemtriones,

north-west, Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

quae (pars insulae) est propius solis occasum,

id. ib. 4, 28.—Cf. poet.:

sub sole cadente,

Manil. 4, 791.—In phrases, sol is often omitted by ellipsis: unde sol oritur oriens nuncupatur aut ortus;

quo demergitur occidens vel occasus,

Mel. 1, 1 init.; v. orior, ortus, occĭdo.—

Sol oriens or sol (solis) ortus= sunrise; sol occidens or solis (sol) occasus = sunset:

qui solem nec occidentem umquam viderint, nec orientem,

Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23:

sole orto Gracchus copias educit,

Liv. 24, 15, 1:

prius orto Sole,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 113:

certi solis lunaeque et ortus et occasus sunt,

Liv. 44, 37, 7:

numquam ab orto sole ad occidentem... a curiā abscessit,

id. 27, 50, 4:

ut, equis insidentes, solis ortu cursum in quemdam locum dirigerent,

Val. Max. 7, 3, 2 ext.:

solis occasu,

Caes. B. G. 1, 50; Liv. 24, 17, 7:

ad (sub) solis occasum,

towards sunset, Caes. B. G. 5, 8; 2, 11:

in occasum declivi sole,

Plin. 8, 50, 76, § 203.— Poet.:

surgente a sole,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 29.—For sol occasus, v. occidere, and Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 87 (ante solem occasum); id. ib. 5, 7, 35 (ad solem occasum); cf.:

ab exortu ad occasum perstare contuentis solem,

Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 22.—

To designate a clime, country, etc., as eastern or southern (post-Aug.):

ille Liberi currus triumphantem usque ad Thebas a solis ortu vehat,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 25, 4:

terminos civitatis nostrae cum sole metimur,

id. Ot. Sap. 4 (31), 1. it tamen ultra oceanum solemque, id. Ep. 94, 63:

sub alio sole,

in another clime, Manil. 4, 171; cf.:

ut sua orientis occidentisque terminis finiat (sc. solis),

Sen. Ep. 92, 32.—

Trop., of a great good or a great man:

sol excidisse mihi e mundo videtur,

Cic. Att. 9, 10, 3:

solem e mundo tollere videntur qui, etc.,

id. Lael. 13, 47:

P. Africanus, sol alter (with sole geminato),

id. N. D. 2, 5, 14; cf. Hor. S. 1, 7, 24:

neque mundum posse duobus solibus regi, neque orbem, etc.,

Just. 11, 12.—

Prov.:

et sceleratis sol oritur,

Sen. Ben. 4, 26, 1; cf.:

qui solem suum oriri facit super bonos et malos,

Vulg. Matt. 5, 45: nondum omnium dierum sol occidit (Germ. Es ist noch nicht aller Tage Abend) = there are more days yet to come, sc. when the tables may be turned, Liv. 39, 26, 9.—

The poets reckon time in many ways by the movement, etc., of the sun:

bis me sol adiit gelidae post frigora brumae,

two years, Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 1:

donec sol annuus omnes conficeret metas,

within a year, Stat. Achill. 1, 455; cf. Nemes. Cyn. 122:

octavo lumine solis,

on the eighth day, Lucr. 6, 1195:

sol septimus,

Juv. 15, 44:

cum sol Herculei terga leonis adit,

in midsummer, Ov. A. A. 1, 68: O sol Pulcher, O laudande (= dies;

sc. Augusti reditus),

Hor. C. 4, 2, 46; cf. id. S. 1, 9, 72:

supremo sole,

at noon, id. Ep. 1, 5, 3:

sub medium solem,

Manil. 4, 651; cf. id. 4, 593:

sol abit,

it is growing late, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 32; cf.:

a primo ad ultimum solem,

all day long, Amm. 14, 6, 10.—

Transf., the sun, sunlight, sunshine, heat of the sun:

ager soli ostentus,

exposed to the sun, Cato, R. R. 6:

sarmenta imponito quae frigus defendant et solem,

id. ib. 48 (49):

uvas ponite in sole biduum,

id. ib. 112 (113):

sol semper hic est a mani ad vesperum,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 80:

quin exta inspicere in sole etiam vivo licet,

id. Aul. 3, 6, 29:

nec res posse in sole videri, ni, etc.,

Lucr. 5, 292:

nunc quidem paululum a sole,

out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92:

cum in sole ambulem,

id. de Or. 2, 14, 60:

apricatio in illo Lucretino tuo sole,

id. Att. 7, 11, 1; cf. id. ib. 12, 6, 1:

iter in calescente sole factum erat,

Liv. 44, 36 init.:

torrente meridiano sole,

id. 44, 38:

ex vehementi sole,

id. 28, 15, 11:

urente assiduo sole,

id. 44, 33 fin.:

ut veniens dextrum latus aspiciat sol,

light of the morning sun, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 6:

reformidant insuetum lumina solem,

Ov. P. 3, 4, 49; cf.:

nam et solem lumina aegra formidant,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 6:

adversi solis ab ictu,

sunstroke, Ov. M. 3, 183:

altera (spelunca) solem non recipit,

Sen. Ep. 55, 6:

sole correptis,

Plin. 29, 6, 38, § 119:

pisces, quos sole torreant,

id. 7, 2, 2, § 30:

siccatur in sole,

id. 19, 1, 3, § 16:

in agmine (Caesar) anteibat capite detecto, seu sol seu imber esset,

Suet. Caes. 57:

patiens pulveris atque solis,

Hor. C. 1, 8, 4.— And trop.: in solem ac pulverem procedere, or producere, into heat and dust, i. e. into practical life (opp. umbra eruditorum), Cic. Brut. 9, 37; id. Leg. 3, 6, 14.—In a similar sense:

cedat stilus gladio, umbra soli,

Cic. Mur. 14, 30.—Prov.:

clarior quam solis radii,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 2:

sole ipso est clarius,

Arn. 1, n. 47; cf.

the class. luce clarius, and: cum id solis luce videatur clarius,

Cic. Div. 1, 3, 6.

Suns, images of the sun (class.):

neque pauci neque leves sunt qui se duo soles vidisse dicant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15:

Albae duos soles visos ferebant,

Liv. 28, 11, 3:

et rursus plures soles simul cernuntur,

Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99:

quid eas vocem? imagines solis? Historici soles vocant, et binos ternosque adparuisse memoriae tradunt,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 11, 2.—

Poet. = days (v. I. C.):

nec tamen illis solibus ulla comparebat avis,

Lucr. 6, 1219:

saepe ego longos Cantando puerum memini me condere soles,

to spend the long summer days in singing, Verg. E. 9, 52:

tres soles... Erramus,

id. A. 3, 203; cf. Sil. 3, 554:

Bajani soles,

the sunny days of Bajœ, Mart. 6, 43, 5:

O soles!

id. 10, 51, 6: soles fulsere quondam tibi candidi, Cat. 8, 3, 8:

soles occidere et redire possunt,

id. 5, 4:

longis solibus,

Stat. Th. 5, 460:

solibus arctis,

short winter days, id. S. 1, 3, 88.—So, to describe certain seasons:

solibus hibernis... gratior,

than the sun in winter, Ov. M. 13, 793:

si numeres anno soles et nubila toto,

the sunny and cloudy days, id. Tr. 5, 8, 31.—

Light or heat of the sun ( poet. and in postAug. prose; cf.

D. supra): pars terrai perusta solibus assiduis,

Lucr. 5, 253; cf. Ov. H. 5, 112:

pluviis et solibus icta,

Lucr. 6, 1101:

quae carent ventis et solibus,

i. e. are buried, Hor. Epod. 16, 13; 2, 41:

et soles melius nitent,

id. C. 4, 5, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 10, 17:

ex imbri soles Prospicere... poteris,

Verg. G. 1, 393:

inque novos soles audent se gramina tuto Credere,

id. ib. 2, 332;

similarly,

Ov. F. 4, 404; Stat. Th. 1, 363; 4, 421; 4, 831:

tum blandi soles,

Ov. F. 1, 157:

frigore soles juvant,

id. R. Am. 405; so Mart. 10, 42:

Romulus et frater... Solibus et campo corpora nuda dabant,

Ov. F. 2, 366:

aequora semper solibus orba tument,

id. P. 1, 3, 54:

solibus rupta glacies,

Juv. 4, 43:

geminā pereunt caligine soles,

Stat. Th. 5, 154:

aestivos quo decipis aere soles?

id. S. 4, 4, 19:

tacent exhausti solibus amnes,

id. Th. 3, 2, 59; 4, 56; Mart. 10, 12, 7; 8, 14, 4; 14, 28; Ov. M. 1, 435:

cura soles assiduo quaerendi,

Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 16:

perpeti soles,

id. 36, 22, 45, § 162:

evitatis solibus,

id. 28, 12, 50, § 186:

(sal) siccatur aestivis solibus,

id. 31, 7, 39, § 73:

merguntur in aquam solibus tepefactam,

id. 19, 1, 3, § 17:

nec campi minus soles accipiunt,

id. 17, 4, 3, § 29:

sarculatio novos soles admittit,

id. 18, 21, 50, § 184; cf. id. 12, 5, 11, § 23; 12, 7, 14, § 26:

aurea pellebant tepidos umbracula soles,

Ov. F. 2, 311:

dum patula defendimus arbore soles,

Stat. S. 3, 1, 70.—Very rarely of the sun's revolution, without reference to light or heat:

quae via soles praecipitet,

Stat. Th. 6, 362.—In class. prose sometimes solis ardores, with the force of the poet. soles:

et nimios solis defendit ardores,

Cic. Sen. 15, 53; cf.:

propter nimios solis ardores,

Sen. Ep. 90, 17.

Sol, the Sun-god.

Lit.

The ancient Italian deity Sol, represented as driving the four-horse sun-chariot from east to west; later identified with the Greek Helios, and hence often called Titan or Phœbus by the poets:

signi dic quid est? Cum quadrigis Sol exoriens,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 269:

Sol... aeternam suscepit lampada mundi,

Lucr. 5, 402:

rapax vis Solis equorum,

id. 5, 402:

quod magni filia Solis eram,

Ov. R. Am. 276; id. M. 14, 346:

Solis currus,

id. P. 4, 6, 48:

secundum (invocabis) Solem et Lunam,

Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.:

grates tibi ago, summe Sol,

Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:

Sol Phaëthonti filio facturum se esse dixit quidquid optasset,

id. Off. 3, 25, 94:

Quid? illum filium Solis nonne patris ipsius luce indignum putas?

id. Tusc. 3, 12, 26:

qui Solem aurigando aequiperare existimaretur,

Suet. Ner. 53:

Solis colossus Rhodi,

Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 41; 34, 8, 19, § 63.—Comic.:

credo edepol equidem dormire Solem atque adpotum probe,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 129.—

The Phœnician sun-god Heliogabalus (Elagabal), whose worship was introduced by the later emperors (Aurelianus, Heliogabalus):

ad templum Heliogabali tetendit... et Romae Soli templum posuit,

Vop. Aur. 25; cf. id. ib. 4; 14; 35; 39; Lampr. Heliog. 1; 3; afterwards called Sol Invictus, whose birthday, acc. to the Calendar. Const., was celebrated December 25th; cf. Julian. Or. 4, p. 156.—

Of the sun-worship of other nations:

(Germani) deorum numero ducunt Solem et Vulcanum et Lunam,

Caes. B. G. 6, 21; cf.:

rex regum, frater Solis et Lunae,

of the king of Persia, Amm. 17, 5, 3.—

The sun-god as emblem of omniscience:

non potuit reperire, si ipsi Soli quaerundas dares, lepidiores ad hanc rem quam ego dabo,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206:

meliorem neque tu reperis, neque Sol videt,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 53:

at vigiles mundi... Sol et Luna,

Lucr. 5, 1435:

si hoc uno quicquam Sol vidisset iniquius,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28:

O Solem ipsum beatissimum, qui antequam se abderet fugientem vidit Antonium,

id. Phil. 14, 10, 27:

Solem consule, qui late facta diurna videt,

Ov. F. 4, 582:

quis Solem fallere possit?

id. A. A. 2, 573; cf. Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 21; Sen. Herc. Fur. 595.—Hence represented as betrayer of conspiracies: propiusque honos [p. 1718] Boli, qui occulta conjurationis retexisset, Tac. A. 15, 74;

to him was commended the detection of murderers, in inscriptions over the slain: SOL, TIBI COMMENDO QVI MANVS INTVLIT EI,

Inscr. Orell. 4791:

SOL, TV INDICES EIVS MORTEM,

ib. 4792.—

Poet., to describe the times of the day: solverat flagrantes Sol pronus equos, = it was night, Stat. Th. 3, 408: Sol operum medius summo librabat Olympo Lucentes, ceu staret, equos, = it was mid-day, id. ib. 5, 85.

In gen., solis as an appellation.

DIES SOLIS, Sunday (late Lat.), Inscr. Orell. 508.—

Solis gemma, a precious stone, Plin. 37, 10, 67, § 181.—

Solis insula, off the coast of Gedrosia, Plin. 6, 22, 24, § 86; 6, 23, 26, § 97.—

Solis fons, in Marmorica, Curt. 4, 7, 22; Mela, 1, 8, 1; Plin. 5, 5, 5, § 31.—

Solis promunturium, in Africa, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 9.—

Solis oppidum, a town in Ægina, Plin. 5, 9, 11, § 61.

solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:

soluisse,

Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.

To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.

In a corporeal sense.

Outwardly, to release.

From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:

solvite istas,

i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:

solvite istum,

id. Mil. 5, 32:

numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,

id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:

jube solvi (eum),

Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:

ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:

ut vincti solvantur,

id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §

12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,

id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

ita nexi soluti (sunt),

Liv. 8, 28, 9:

solvite me, pueri,

Verg. E. 6, 24:

fore ut brevi solveretur,

Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:

canis solutus catena,

Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:

solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),

Stat. Th. 5, 15:

terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—

From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

solverat sol equos,

unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:

et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,

Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:

et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,

id. H. 11, 4:

praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,

Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:

soluta toga,

Quint. 11, 3, 147:

vela solvere,

Verg. A. 4, 574.—

From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:

Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,

Prop. 2, 1, 69:

fraxinus solvitur,

from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:

ceciditque soluta pinus,

id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:

pinus radice soluta, deficit,

id. S. 5, 1, 152:

solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:

accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,

detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;

but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,

Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:

querno solvunt de stipite funem,

id. F. 4, 333:

fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,

id. Am. 2, 11, 23:

curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),

Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:

imber caelesti nube solutus,

Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:

cum solis radii absumant,

Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:

solutum a latere pugionem,

detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—

Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.

With acc. alone:

eisce confectis navem solvimus,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:

navim cupimus solvere,

id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:

naves solvit,

Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;

3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,

Liv. 45, 6:

postero die solvere naves (jussi),

id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

classem solvere,

Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—

With ab and abl.:

navis a terra solverunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 101:

quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,

Liv. 31, 7 med.:

solvunt a litore puppes,

Luc. 2, 649.—

With ex and abl.:

nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:

interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—

With abl.:

complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,

Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

portu solventibus,

id. Mur. 2, 4.—

Absol. (sc. navem or naves):

tertia fere vigilia solvit,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

nos eo die cenati solvimus,

Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:

altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,

Liv. 31, 14 init.:

qui inde solverant,

Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:

solvi mare languido,

Sen. Ep. 53, 1:

fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,

id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:

non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,

making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—

With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):

naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—

Poet. usages:

de litore puppis solvit iter,

clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:

nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,

Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—

Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,

Lucr. 6, 706:

cruor solvitur,

Stat. Th. 9, 530:

lacrimas solvere,

id. Achill. 2, 256:

solutis lacrimis,

Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,

partus solvere,

to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—

To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.

In gen.:

omne colligatum solvi potest,

Cic. Fin. 11.—

Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

solvere naves et rursus conjungere,

Curt. 8, 10, 3:

solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,

Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:

dubitavit an solveret pontem,

Curt. 4, 16, 8:

solvere pontem,

Tac. A. 1, 69:

si pons solutus sit,

Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:

solutus pons tempestatibus,

Just. 2, 13, 9:

currum (solis) solutum,

Manil. 1, 740.—

Of woven stuff:

solvens texta,

Prop. 2, 9, 6.—

Of mountains:

utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),

Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:

tridente Neptunus montem solvit,

id. Agam. 553.—

Of the neck:

soluta cervix silicis impulsu,

broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—

Of a comet:

momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—

Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:

solve capillos,

Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:

crinem,

id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:

comas casside,

Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—

Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;

post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:

ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,

Stat. Th. 7, 745. —

To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.

Of a change into air or gas:

calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,

dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:

nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,

id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:

ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,

Stat. Th. 5, 285;

nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,

Ov. M. 15, 845.—

Into a liquid, to melt:

saepe terra in tabem solvitur,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:

terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,

id. ib. 3, 29, 4:

nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,

Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:

ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,

Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,

nivem solvere,

id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:

rigor auri solvitur aestu,

Lucr. 1, 493:

ferrum calidi solvant camini,

Manil. 4, 250:

cerae igne solutae,

Ov. A. A. 2, 47:

Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,

Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:

(herba) quinto die solvitur,

id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—

Of putrefaction:

(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,

Verg. G. 4, 302.—

Of change in general:

inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,

Ov. F. 1, 108:

repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),

Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—

Of expansion by heat:

(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,

Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—

Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:

gravitas aeris solvitur,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—

Solvi in, to pass into, become:

in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,

Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:

donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,

disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:

postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),

Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—

To consume, to destroy, dissolve:

solvere orbes,

Manil. 1, 497:

ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),

Lucr. 3, 287:

(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,

Liv. 39, 40, 11:

si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:

(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,

id. ib. 7, 9, 4:

tabes solvit corpora,

Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:

nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),

id. 3, 506:

ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,

Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:

solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,

Sen. Ep. 22, 3:

hanc mihi solvite vitam,

Prop. 2, 9, 39.—

Trop.

To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.

From the body, etc.:

teque isto corpore solvo,

Verg. A. 4, 703:

soluta corpore anima,

Quint. 5, 14, 13:

qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,

Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:

vocem solvere,

to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:

suspiria solvit,

Stat. Th. 11, 604:

solvat turba jocos,

Sen. Med. 114:

solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),

Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:

Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,

unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—

Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:

linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,

Ov. M. 3, 261:

lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,

Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:

ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,

id. Const. 11, 3:

(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,

Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:

magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,

Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.

of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,

unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—

From obligations and debts:

solvit me debito,

Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:

an nos debito solverit,

id. Ep. 81, 3:

ut religione civitas solvatur,

Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:

te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),

Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:

hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,

Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:

sacramento solvi,

Tac. A. 16, 13:

cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,

Dig. 49, 16, 13:

militia solvere,

Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:

ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,

Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:

ut manere solveretur,

that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—

From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):

si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,

be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:

atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,

id. ib. 4, 9:

sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,

Ov. F. 6, 452:

ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,

id. ib. 2, 40:

Helenen ego crimine solvo,

id. A. A. 2, 371:

quid crimine solvis Germanum?

Stat. Th. 11, 379:

solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —

From feelings, etc.:

quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,

Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:

senatus cura belli solutus,

Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:

pectus linquunt cura solutum,

Lucr. 2, 45:

his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

soluti metu,

Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:

solvent formidine terras,

Verg. E. 4, 14:

solve metu patriam,

Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:

metu belli Scythas solvit,

Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:

haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:

soluti a cupiditatibus,

Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,

id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:

longo luctu,

Verg. A. 2, 26:

tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),

Sen. Hippol. 450:

solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,

id. Herc. Fur. 1063:

Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?

Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:

solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),

the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:

rabie tigrim,

Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:

ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),

Sen. Ep. 95, 38:

calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?

i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:

solvite animos,

Manil. 4, 12.—With in:

vix haec in munera solvo animum,

i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—

From sleep, very rare:

ego somno solutus sum,

awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—

From labor, business, etc.:

volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,

Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:

solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,

Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:

Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,

to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—

From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

frontem solvere disce,

Mart. 14, 183:

saltem ora trucesque solve genas,

Stat. Th. 11, 373:

solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:

solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,

be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

vultum risu solvit,

relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:

risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,

Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,

solvere judicem,

unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:

solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),

Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:

ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:

cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?

Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:

solventur risu tabulae,

i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:

quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,

Quint. 5, 10, 67.—

From any cause of restraint.

To release from siege:

Bassanitas obsidione solvere,

Liv. 44, 30:

patriam obsidione solvere,

Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —

From moral restraints:

hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,

gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—

From laws and rules: legibus solvere.

To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:

Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,

Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:

cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 13, 31:

ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,

id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),

id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

solvatne legibus Scipionem,

Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,

Liv. 31, 50, 8:

Scipio legibus solutus est,

id. Epit. 56:

Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,

Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:

ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,

Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:

(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:

solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,

id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:

nec leti lege solutas,

Lucr. 3, 687:

nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),

Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:

et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,

Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—

Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:

reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,

i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:

soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,

id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:

solutus Legibus insanis,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:

quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,

Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—

To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.

Of troops, ranks, etc.:

ubi ordines procursando solvissent,

Liv. 42, 65, 8:

incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,

Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:

agmina Diductis solvere choris,

Verg. A. 5, 581:

solvit maniplos,

Juv. 8, 154:

solvuntur laudata cohors,

Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:

commissas acies ego possum solvere,

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—

Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:

convivio soluto,

Liv. 40, 14 fin.:

convivium solvit,

Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:

Quid cessas convivia solvere?

Ov. F. 6, 675:

coetuque soluto Discedunt,

id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—

Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:

(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,

Quint. 1, 9, 2:

quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,

id. 9, 4, 14:

ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,

id. 1, 8, 13:

non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—

Implying a change for the worse.

To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):

Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,

Sen. Ep. 51, 5:

usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:

infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,

Quint. 1, 2, 6:

solutus luxu,

id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:

soluti in luxum,

Tac. H. 2, 99:

in lasciviam,

id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:

si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,

Quint. 9, 4, 49.—

To relax, benumb the limbs or body;

as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,

Lucr. 6, 798:

ima Solvuntur latera,

Verg. G. 3, 523:

solvi debilitate corporis,

paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:

ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,

Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:

illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:

segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,

wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:

mentes solvere,

to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—

By frost ( poet.):

solvuntur illi frigore membra,

Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—

By sleep ( poet. for sopio):

homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,

Ov. M. 7, 186:

corpora somnus Solverat,

id. ib. 10, 369:

molli languore solutus,

id. ib. 11, 648;

11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,

id. ib. 8, 817:

somno vinoque solutos,

id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:

ut membra solvit sopor,

id. ib. 12, 867:

non solvit pectora somnus,

Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:

solvitur in somnos,

Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:

aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,

lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—

By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:

corporibus quae senectus solvit,

Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):

(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:

alius inter cenandum solutus est,

id. Ep. 66, 43:

ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,

id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:

me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,

Sen. Troad. 605:

solvi inedia,

Petr. 111:

sic morte quasi somno soluta est,

Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,

Of logical dissolution, to refute:

non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,

how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:

argumentum solvere,

Quint. 2, 17, 34:

solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,

Sen. Const. 12, 3.—

To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:

deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,

Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.

To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.

In a corporeal sense.

In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;

post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,

Quint. 2, 12, 1:

qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,

Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:

supera compage soluta,

Stat. Th. 8, 31.—

To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:

nullo solvente catenas,

Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:

solvere frenum,

Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:

loris solutis,

Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:

qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,

Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:

gelu solvitur,

it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:

solvitur acris hiems,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:

facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:

Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,

looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:

indigno non solvit bracchia collo,

Stat. Th. 5, 217:

digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,

id. ib. 8, 585.—

To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:

solve vidulum ergo,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:

eam solve cistulam,

id. Am. 2, 2, 151:

solve zonam,

untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:

solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,

Stat. Th. 5, 62:

animai nodos a corpore solvit,

Lucr. 2, 950:

nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,

Curt. 3, 1, 18:

quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?

Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:

solvere nodum,

Stat. Th. 11, 646:

laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,

Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:

vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,

Ov. M. 9, 58:

fasciam solve,

Sen. Ep. 80, 10:

solutis fasciis,

Curt. 7, 6, 5:

solvi fasciculum,

Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:

crinales vittas,

Verg. A. 7, 403:

Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,

Curt. 7, 2, 25:

equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,

Sen. Ep. 80, 9:

redimicula solvite collo,

Ov. F. 4, 135:

corollas de fronte,

Prop. 1, 3, 21:

solvere portas,

Stat. Th. 3, 492:

munimina valli,

id. ib. 12, 10:

ille pharetram Solvit,

Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:

solutis ac patefactis venis,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:

venam cultello solvere,

Col. 6, 14; cf.

also: lychnis alvum solvit,

looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:

ventrem,

Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:

stomachus solutus = venter solutus,

loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—

Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.

Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).

Of the mouth, etc., to open:

talibus ora solvit verbis,

Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:

ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,

Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:

vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,

os promptius ac solutius,

Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:

hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—

To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:

si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,

Gai. Inst. 3, 160:

cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,

id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:

morte solvetur compromissum,

Dig. 4, 8, 27:

soluto matrimonio,

ib. 24, 3, 2:

solutum conjugium,

Juv. 9, 79:

qui... conjugalia solvit,

Sen. Med. 144:

nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,

Ov. M. 11, 743:

(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,

cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—

To efface guilt or wrong:

magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,

Ov. F. 5, 304:

solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,

id. ib. 2, 44:

culpa soluta mea est,

id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:

neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—

Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;

less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,

Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

capite poenas solvit,

Sall. J. 69, 4:

meritas poenas solventem,

Curt. 6, 3, 14:

poenarum solvendi tempus,

Lucr. 5, 1224:

nunc solvo poenas,

Sen. Phoen. 172:

hac manu poenas tibi solvam,

id. Hippol. 1177.—

To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:

atque animi curas e pectore solvat,

Lucr. 4, 908:

curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,

Hor. Epod. 9, 38:

patrimonii cura solvatur,

Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §

2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,

Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:

solvite corde metum,

Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:

solve metus animo,

Stat. Th. 2, 356:

solvi pericula et metus narrant,

Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:

hoc uno solvitur ira modo,

id. A. A. 2, 460:

solvitque pudorem,

Verg. A. 4, 55.—

Of sleep:

quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,

Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:

nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,

Luc. 6, 768; cf.:

lassitudinem solvere,

Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —

Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.

To raise a siege:

solutam cernebat obsidionem,

Liv. 36, 10, 14:

soluta obsidione,

id. 36, 31, 7:

ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,

id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—

Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:

cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,

Liv. 36, 7, 13.—

To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:

quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,

Sall. J. 39, 5:

imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,

Sen. Oedip. 525:

sonipedes imperia solvunt,

id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:

sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,

Quint. 11, 3, 58.—

Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:

solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),

Curt. 10, 2, 5:

solutae a se legis monitus,

Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:

cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,

Liv. 8, 4, 7:

(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,

id. 1, 49, 7:

oportebat istum morem solvi,

Curt. 8, 8, 18.—

Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).

To subvert discipline:

disciplinam militarem solvisti,

Liv. 8, 7, 16:

luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,

id. 40, 1, 4:

quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,

Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—

Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:

nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,

Sall. J. 41, 6:

patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,

Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

vires solvere,

Quint. 9, 4, 7:

vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,

Quint. 11, 3, 133.—

Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:

segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,

Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;

similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,

Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:

hoc firmos solvit amores,

Ov. A. A. 2, 385:

amores cantibus et herbis solvere,

Tib. 1, 2, 60.—

Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:

vitex dicitur febres solvere,

Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:

solvit jejunia granis,

Ov. F. 4, 607:

quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,

id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,

famem,

Sen. Thyest. 64.—

To delay:

hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,

Sen. Troad. 1131.—

Of darkness, to dispel:

lux solverat umbras,

Stat. Th. 10, 390.—

Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:

aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,

Sen. Phoen. 406:

electus formae certamina solvere pastor,

Stat. Achill. 2, 337:

jurgia solvere,

Manil. 3, 115:

contradictiones solvere,

Quint. 7, 1, 38.—

Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:

quia quaestionem solvere non posset,

Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:

aenigmata,

Quint. 8, 6, 53:

omnes solvere posse quaestiones,

Suet. Gram. 11:

haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,

Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:

unum tantum hoc solvendum est,

that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:

puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,

id. Ep. 48, 6:

carmina non intellecta Solverat,

Ov. M. 7, 760:

triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,

Sen. Oedip. 102:

nodos juris,

Juv. 8, 50:

proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,

Quint. 5, 10, 96:

plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,

id. 1, 10, 49:

quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,

id. 3, 7, 3:

ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,

id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—

In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.

Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:

quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,

Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:

inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),

Liv. 6, 14, 5:

quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,

id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:

pro vectura rem solvit?

paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:

ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,

id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:

tibi res soluta est recte,

id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:

ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,

id. ib. 5, 2, 20:

rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,

id. ib. 5, 3, 45:

dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,

id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:

res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,

id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);

semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,

they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:

si tergo res solvonda'st,

by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,

id. Curc. 3, 9:

tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,

id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,

Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:

cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,

Cic. Fl. 18, 43:

ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,

id. ib. 20, 46:

misimus qui pro vectura solveret,

id. Att. 1, 3, 2:

qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,

Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:

ut creditori solvat,

Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:

si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,

it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:

numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,

to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,

id. ib. 2, 24, 84:

cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,

Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:

non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,

Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—

With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:

postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,

settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:

solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,

id. Fl. 23, 54:

ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,

id. Att. 16, 2, 1:

solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,

Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:

aes alienum solvere,

Sen. Ep. 36, 5:

quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?

id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,

debitum solvere,

id. ib. 6, 30, 2:

ne pecunias creditas solverent,

Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:

ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,

Liv. 6, 15, 5:

ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:

cum patriae quod debes solveris,

Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:

debet vero, solvitque praeclare,

id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:

aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,

Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:

qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,

id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —

By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:

emi: pecuniam solvi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:

pro frumento nihil solvit,

id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §

169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,

Liv. 44, 16:

hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,

Nep. Milt. 7, 6:

nisi pecuniam solvisset,

id. Cim. 1, 1:

condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,

Liv. 30, 37 med.:

pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,

id. 36, 3, 1:

pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,

id. 32, 26, 14:

pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,

id. 40, 39 fin.:

meritam mercedem,

id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:

quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,

Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

stipendium,

Liv. 28, 32, 1:

dotem mulieri,

Dig. 24, 3, 2:

litem aestimatam,

the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:

arbitria funeris,

the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:

solvere dodrantem,

to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:

dona puer solvit,

paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,

munera,

id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:

et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:

si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,

Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:

si (actor) solutus fuisset,

Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —

Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:

aliquid praesens solvere,

to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,

aliquid de praesentibus solvere,

Sen. Ep. 97, 16:

solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,

Vell. 2, 25:

quas solvere grates sufficiam?

Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;

nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,

Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:

unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):

Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,

Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:

homines dicere, se a me solvere,

id. ib. 5, 21, 11:

(summa) erat solvenda de meo,

Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:

operas solvere alicui,

to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:

stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,

Gai. Inst. 4, 90:

iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,

Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;

2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,

a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.

in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,

Liv. 31, 13:

nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,

Dig. 50, 17, 105:

qui modo solvendo sint,

Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:

si solvendo sint,

Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:

nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,

Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:

solvendo non erat,

Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:

cum solvendo civitates non essent,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,

id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,

id. Off. 2, 22, 79;

and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,

Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:

*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),

Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —

To fulfil the duty of burial.

Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:

qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,

who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,

Curt. 3, 12, 15:

proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,

id. 10, 6, 7:

ut justa soluta Remo,

Ov. F. 5, 452:

nunc justa nato solve,

Sen. Hippol. 1245.—

Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:

exsequiis rite solutis,

Verg. A. 7, 5:

cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,

Sen. Hippol. 1198:

solvere suprema militibus,

Tac. A. 1, 61.—

Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.

Alone:

vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,

Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:

quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,

Liv. 31, 9 fin.:

liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,

id. 40, 44, 8:

placatis diis votis rite solvendis,

id. 36, 37 fin.:

petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,

id. 45, 44:

animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,

Sen. Ep. 73, 5:

vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,

Tac. A. 2, 69:

vota pater solvit,

Ov. M. 9, 707:

ne votum solvat,

Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:

voti debita solvere,

Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.

the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),

Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:

V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),

ib. 2022 et saep.:

sacra solvere (=votum solvere),

Manil. 1, 427.—

With dat.:

ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:

vota Jovi solvo,

Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:

sunt vota soluta deae,

id. F. 6, 248:

dis vota solvis,

Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:

libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),

Just. 18, 5, 4.—

Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:

fidem obligatam liberare,

Suet. Claud. 9):

illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,

Flor. 1, 1, 12;

similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),

Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—

Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):

perinde quasi promissum solvens,

Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:

solvitur quod cuique promissum est,

Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;

similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,

what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.

Lit.

(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:

tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,

id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:

reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,

id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:

cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?

Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:

nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,

unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,

Liv. 27, 51:

eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,

id. 24, 45, 10:

non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,

Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—

(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;

postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,

Sen. Ep. 90, 21;

ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,

Col. 2, 9:

soluta et facilis terra,

id. 3, 14;

solum solutum vel spissum,

id. 2, 2 init.;

seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,

Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:

hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,

id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:

solutiores ripae,

Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:

mas spissior, femina solutior,

Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:

dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,

Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—

(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:

turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:

aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,

id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—

Trop.

(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:

(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,

Cic. Or. 47, 173:

verbis solutus satis,

id. ib. 47, 174:

solutissimus in dicendo,

id. ib. 48, 180.—

Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:

quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?

Cic. Planc. 30, 72:

soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,

unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,

Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;

non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,

id. ib. 4, 21, 3;

solutus omni fenore,

Hor. Epod. 2, 4;

nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,

Liv. 8, 32, 5:

Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—

Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:

quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,

Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:

apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,

Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,

i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:

maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—

Free from cares, undistracted:

animo soluto liberoque,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,

id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—

At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:

te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,

Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:

quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,

id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:

Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,

Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—

Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:

quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,

Cic. Dom. 39, 104:

an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?

Sen. Ep. 23, 4:

vultus,

Stat. Th. 5, 355:

(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,

unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—

Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:

cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,

Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:

ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,

Liv. 29, 1 fin.:

Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,

Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:

incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,

Tac. A. 2, 4:

quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,

Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:

rectore solutos (solis) equos,

Stat. Th. 1, 219.—

Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:

nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;

cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,

id. Div. 1, 2, 4:

judicio senatus soluto et libero,

id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:

sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,

id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,

id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,

uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—

Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:

amores soluti et liberi,

Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

licentia,

id. ib. 4, 4, 4:

populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,

id. ib. 1, 34, 53:

quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,

id. Mil. 13, 34:

quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,

Liv. 27, 31 fin.:

adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,

id. 2, 1, 2:

solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,

a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,

Suet. Aug. 44:

mores soluti,

licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—

Regardless of rules, careless, loose:

orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,

Cic. Brut. 62, 225:

dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,

Tac. A. 16, 18.—

Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.

Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:

est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—

More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);

in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,

Cic. Or. 52, 174:

mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,

id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;

68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,

Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;

de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,

id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:

ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,

id. ib. 7, 1:

primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,

Cic. Brut. 8, 32:

Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,

id. Or. 57, 192:

et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,

id. ib. 64, 215:

a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,

id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—

Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:

ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,

Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:

nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—

Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:

soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,

Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:

solutiora componere,

id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—

Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):

sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,

Quint. 11, 3, 146.—

Undisciplined, disorderly:

omnia soluta apud hostes esse,

Liv. 8, 30, 3:

nihil temeritate solutum,

Tac. A. 13, 40:

apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,

Just. 34, 2, 2.—

Lax, remiss, weak:

mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,

Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,

Tac. Or. 18:

soluti ac fluentes,

Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:

solutum genus orationis,

a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:

quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,

laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—

(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:

aliquid in solutum dare,

to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:

qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,

Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:

qui rem in solutum accipit,

Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;

in solutum imputare,

to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:

pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,

Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:

pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,

Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.

Thinly:

corpora diffusa solute,

Lucr. 4, 53.—

Of speech, fluently:

non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,

Cic. Brut. 29, 110:

ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,

id. ib. 81, 280:

quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,

Tac. A. 4, 31.—

Irregularly, loosely:

a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—

Freely, without restraint:

generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,

i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—

Of style, without connection, loosely:

enuntiare,

Quint. 11, 2, 47.—

Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:

praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),

Liv. 39, 1, 4:

in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,

id. 23, 37, 6.—

Weakly, tamely, without vigor:

quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,

Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—

Of morals, loosely, without restraint:

ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,

Tac. A. 13, 47.

solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:

soluisse,

Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.

To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.

In a corporeal sense.

Outwardly, to release.

From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:

solvite istas,

i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:

solvite istum,

id. Mil. 5, 32:

numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,

id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:

jube solvi (eum),

Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:

ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:

ut vincti solvantur,

id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §

12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,

id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

ita nexi soluti (sunt),

Liv. 8, 28, 9:

solvite me, pueri,

Verg. E. 6, 24:

fore ut brevi solveretur,

Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:

canis solutus catena,

Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:

solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),

Stat. Th. 5, 15:

terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—

From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

solverat sol equos,

unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:

et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,

Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:

et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,

id. H. 11, 4:

praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,

Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:

soluta toga,

Quint. 11, 3, 147:

vela solvere,

Verg. A. 4, 574.—

From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:

Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,

Prop. 2, 1, 69:

fraxinus solvitur,

from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:

ceciditque soluta pinus,

id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:

pinus radice soluta, deficit,

id. S. 5, 1, 152:

solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:

accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,

detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;

but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,

Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:

querno solvunt de stipite funem,

id. F. 4, 333:

fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,

id. Am. 2, 11, 23:

curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),

Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:

imber caelesti nube solutus,

Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:

cum solis radii absumant,

Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:

solutum a latere pugionem,

detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—

Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.

With acc. alone:

eisce confectis navem solvimus,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:

navim cupimus solvere,

id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:

naves solvit,

Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;

3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,

Liv. 45, 6:

postero die solvere naves (jussi),

id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

classem solvere,

Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—

With ab and abl.:

navis a terra solverunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 101:

quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,

Liv. 31, 7 med.:

solvunt a litore puppes,

Luc. 2, 649.—

With ex and abl.:

nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:

interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—

With abl.:

complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,

Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

portu solventibus,

id. Mur. 2, 4.—

Absol. (sc. navem or naves):

tertia fere vigilia solvit,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

nos eo die cenati solvimus,

Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:

altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,

Liv. 31, 14 init.:

qui inde solverant,

Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:

solvi mare languido,

Sen. Ep. 53, 1:

fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,

id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:

non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,

making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—

With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):

naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—

Poet. usages:

de litore puppis solvit iter,

clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:

nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,

Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—

Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,

Lucr. 6, 706:

cruor solvitur,

Stat. Th. 9, 530:

lacrimas solvere,

id. Achill. 2, 256:

solutis lacrimis,

Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,

partus solvere,

to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—

To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.

In gen.:

omne colligatum solvi potest,

Cic. Fin. 11.—

Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

solvere naves et rursus conjungere,

Curt. 8, 10, 3:

solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,

Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:

dubitavit an solveret pontem,

Curt. 4, 16, 8:

solvere pontem,

Tac. A. 1, 69:

si pons solutus sit,

Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:

solutus pons tempestatibus,

Just. 2, 13, 9:

currum (solis) solutum,

Manil. 1, 740.—

Of woven stuff:

solvens texta,

Prop. 2, 9, 6.—

Of mountains:

utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),

Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:

tridente Neptunus montem solvit,

id. Agam. 553.—

Of the neck:

soluta cervix silicis impulsu,

broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—

Of a comet:

momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—

Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:

solve capillos,

Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:

crinem,

id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:

comas casside,

Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—

Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;

post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:

ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,

Stat. Th. 7, 745. —

To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.

Of a change into air or gas:

calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,

dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:

nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,

id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:

ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,

Stat. Th. 5, 285;

nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,

Ov. M. 15, 845.—

Into a liquid, to melt:

saepe terra in tabem solvitur,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:

terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,

id. ib. 3, 29, 4:

nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,

Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:

ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,

Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,

nivem solvere,

id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:

rigor auri solvitur aestu,

Lucr. 1, 493:

ferrum calidi solvant camini,

Manil. 4, 250:

cerae igne solutae,

Ov. A. A. 2, 47:

Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,

Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:

(herba) quinto die solvitur,

id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—

Of putrefaction:

(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,

Verg. G. 4, 302.—

Of change in general:

inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,

Ov. F. 1, 108:

repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),

Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—

Of expansion by heat:

(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,

Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—

Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:

gravitas aeris solvitur,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—

Solvi in, to pass into, become:

in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,

Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:

donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,

disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:

postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),

Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—

To consume, to destroy, dissolve:

solvere orbes,

Manil. 1, 497:

ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),

Lucr. 3, 287:

(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,

Liv. 39, 40, 11:

si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:

(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,

id. ib. 7, 9, 4:

tabes solvit corpora,

Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:

nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),

id. 3, 506:

ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,

Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:

solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,

Sen. Ep. 22, 3:

hanc mihi solvite vitam,

Prop. 2, 9, 39.—

Trop.

To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.

From the body, etc.:

teque isto corpore solvo,

Verg. A. 4, 703:

soluta corpore anima,

Quint. 5, 14, 13:

qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,

Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:

vocem solvere,

to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:

suspiria solvit,

Stat. Th. 11, 604:

solvat turba jocos,

Sen. Med. 114:

solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),

Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:

Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,

unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—

Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:

linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,

Ov. M. 3, 261:

lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,

Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:

ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,

id. Const. 11, 3:

(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,

Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:

magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,

Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.

of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,

unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—

From obligations and debts:

solvit me debito,

Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:

an nos debito solverit,

id. Ep. 81, 3:

ut religione civitas solvatur,

Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:

te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),

Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:

hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,

Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:

sacramento solvi,

Tac. A. 16, 13:

cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,

Dig. 49, 16, 13:

militia solvere,

Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:

ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,

Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:

ut manere solveretur,

that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—

From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):

si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,

be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:

atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,

id. ib. 4, 9:

sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,

Ov. F. 6, 452:

ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,

id. ib. 2, 40:

Helenen ego crimine solvo,

id. A. A. 2, 371:

quid crimine solvis Germanum?

Stat. Th. 11, 379:

solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —

From feelings, etc.:

quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,

Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:

senatus cura belli solutus,

Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:

pectus linquunt cura solutum,

Lucr. 2, 45:

his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,

Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

soluti metu,

Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:

solvent formidine terras,

Verg. E. 4, 14:

solve metu patriam,

Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:

metu belli Scythas solvit,

Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:

haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:

soluti a cupiditatibus,

Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,

id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:

longo luctu,

Verg. A. 2, 26:

tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),

Sen. Hippol. 450:

solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,

id. Herc. Fur. 1063:

Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?

Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:

solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),

the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:

rabie tigrim,

Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:

ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),

Sen. Ep. 95, 38:

calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?

i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:

solvite animos,

Manil. 4, 12.—With in:

vix haec in munera solvo animum,

i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—

From sleep, very rare:

ego somno solutus sum,

awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—

From labor, business, etc.:

volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,

Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:

solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,

Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:

Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,

to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—

From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

frontem solvere disce,

Mart. 14, 183:

saltem ora trucesque solve genas,

Stat. Th. 11, 373:

solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:

solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,

be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

vultum risu solvit,

relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:

risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,

Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,

solvere judicem,

unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:

solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),

Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:

ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:

cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?

Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:

solventur risu tabulae,

i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:

quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,

Quint. 5, 10, 67.—

From any cause of restraint.

To release from siege:

Bassanitas obsidione solvere,

Liv. 44, 30:

patriam obsidione solvere,

Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —

From moral restraints:

hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,

gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—

From laws and rules: legibus solvere.

To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:

Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,

Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:

cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 13, 31:

ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,

id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),

id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

solvatne legibus Scipionem,

Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,

Liv. 31, 50, 8:

Scipio legibus solutus est,

id. Epit. 56:

Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,

Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:

ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,

Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:

(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:

solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,

id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:

nec leti lege solutas,

Lucr. 3, 687:

nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),

Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:

et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,

Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—

Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:

reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,

i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:

soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,

id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:

solutus Legibus insanis,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:

quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,

Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—

To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.

Of troops, ranks, etc.:

ubi ordines procursando solvissent,

Liv. 42, 65, 8:

incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,

Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:

agmina Diductis solvere choris,

Verg. A. 5, 581:

solvit maniplos,

Juv. 8, 154:

solvuntur laudata cohors,

Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:

commissas acies ego possum solvere,

Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—

Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:

convivio soluto,

Liv. 40, 14 fin.:

convivium solvit,

Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:

Quid cessas convivia solvere?

Ov. F. 6, 675:

coetuque soluto Discedunt,

id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—

Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:

(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,

Quint. 1, 9, 2:

quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,

id. 9, 4, 14:

ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,

id. 1, 8, 13:

non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—

Implying a change for the worse.

To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):

Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,

Sen. Ep. 51, 5:

usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:

infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,

Quint. 1, 2, 6:

solutus luxu,

id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:

soluti in luxum,

Tac. H. 2, 99:

in lasciviam,

id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:

si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,

Quint. 9, 4, 49.—

To relax, benumb the limbs or body;

as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,

Lucr. 6, 798:

ima Solvuntur latera,

Verg. G. 3, 523:

solvi debilitate corporis,

paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:

ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,

Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:

illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:

segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,

wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:

mentes solvere,

to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—

By frost ( poet.):

solvuntur illi frigore membra,

Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—

By sleep ( poet. for sopio):

homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,

Ov. M. 7, 186:

corpora somnus Solverat,

id. ib. 10, 369:

molli languore solutus,

id. ib. 11, 648;

11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,

id. ib. 8, 817:

somno vinoque solutos,

id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:

ut membra solvit sopor,

id. ib. 12, 867:

non solvit pectora somnus,

Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:

solvitur in somnos,

Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:

aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,

lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—

By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:

corporibus quae senectus solvit,

Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):

(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:

alius inter cenandum solutus est,

id. Ep. 66, 43:

ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,

id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:

me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,

Sen. Troad. 605:

solvi inedia,

Petr. 111:

sic morte quasi somno soluta est,

Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,

Of logical dissolution, to refute:

non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,

how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:

argumentum solvere,

Quint. 2, 17, 34:

solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,

Sen. Const. 12, 3.—

To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:

deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,

Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.

To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.

In a corporeal sense.

In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;

post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,

Quint. 2, 12, 1:

qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,

Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:

supera compage soluta,

Stat. Th. 8, 31.—

To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:

nullo solvente catenas,

Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:

solvere frenum,

Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:

loris solutis,

Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:

qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,

Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:

gelu solvitur,

it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:

solvitur acris hiems,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:

facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:

Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,

looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:

indigno non solvit bracchia collo,

Stat. Th. 5, 217:

digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,

id. ib. 8, 585.—

To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:

solve vidulum ergo,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:

eam solve cistulam,

id. Am. 2, 2, 151:

solve zonam,

untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:

solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,

Stat. Th. 5, 62:

animai nodos a corpore solvit,

Lucr. 2, 950:

nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,

Curt. 3, 1, 18:

quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?

Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:

solvere nodum,

Stat. Th. 11, 646:

laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,

Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:

vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,

Ov. M. 9, 58:

fasciam solve,

Sen. Ep. 80, 10:

solutis fasciis,

Curt. 7, 6, 5:

solvi fasciculum,

Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:

crinales vittas,

Verg. A. 7, 403:

Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,

Curt. 7, 2, 25:

equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,

Sen. Ep. 80, 9:

redimicula solvite collo,

Ov. F. 4, 135:

corollas de fronte,

Prop. 1, 3, 21:

solvere portas,

Stat. Th. 3, 492:

munimina valli,

id. ib. 12, 10:

ille pharetram Solvit,

Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:

solutis ac patefactis venis,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:

venam cultello solvere,

Col. 6, 14; cf.

also: lychnis alvum solvit,

looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:

ventrem,

Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:

stomachus solutus = venter solutus,

loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—

Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.

Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).

Of the mouth, etc., to open:

talibus ora solvit verbis,

Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:

ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,

Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:

vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,

os promptius ac solutius,

Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:

hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—

To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:

si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,

Gai. Inst. 3, 160:

cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,

id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:

morte solvetur compromissum,

Dig. 4, 8, 27:

soluto matrimonio,

ib. 24, 3, 2:

solutum conjugium,

Juv. 9, 79:

qui... conjugalia solvit,

Sen. Med. 144:

nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,

Ov. M. 11, 743:

(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,

cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—

To efface guilt or wrong:

magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,

Ov. F. 5, 304:

solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,

id. ib. 2, 44:

culpa soluta mea est,

id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:

neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—

Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;

less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,

Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

capite poenas solvit,

Sall. J. 69, 4:

meritas poenas solventem,

Curt. 6, 3, 14:

poenarum solvendi tempus,

Lucr. 5, 1224:

nunc solvo poenas,

Sen. Phoen. 172:

hac manu poenas tibi solvam,

id. Hippol. 1177.—

To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:

atque animi curas e pectore solvat,

Lucr. 4, 908:

curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,

Hor. Epod. 9, 38:

patrimonii cura solvatur,

Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §

2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,

Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:

solvite corde metum,

Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:

solve metus animo,

Stat. Th. 2, 356:

solvi pericula et metus narrant,

Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:

hoc uno solvitur ira modo,

id. A. A. 2, 460:

solvitque pudorem,

Verg. A. 4, 55.—

Of sleep:

quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,

Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:

nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,

Luc. 6, 768; cf.:

lassitudinem solvere,

Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —

Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.

To raise a siege:

solutam cernebat obsidionem,

Liv. 36, 10, 14:

soluta obsidione,

id. 36, 31, 7:

ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,

id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—

Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:

cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,

Liv. 36, 7, 13.—

To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:

quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,

Sall. J. 39, 5:

imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,

Sen. Oedip. 525:

sonipedes imperia solvunt,

id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:

sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,

Quint. 11, 3, 58.—

Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:

solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),

Curt. 10, 2, 5:

solutae a se legis monitus,

Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:

cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,

Liv. 8, 4, 7:

(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,

id. 1, 49, 7:

oportebat istum morem solvi,

Curt. 8, 8, 18.—

Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).

To subvert discipline:

disciplinam militarem solvisti,

Liv. 8, 7, 16:

luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,

id. 40, 1, 4:

quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,

Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—

Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:

nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,

Sall. J. 41, 6:

patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,

Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

vires solvere,

Quint. 9, 4, 7:

vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,

Quint. 11, 3, 133.—

Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:

segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,

Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;

similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,

Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:

hoc firmos solvit amores,

Ov. A. A. 2, 385:

amores cantibus et herbis solvere,

Tib. 1, 2, 60.—

Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:

vitex dicitur febres solvere,

Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:

solvit jejunia granis,

Ov. F. 4, 607:

quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,

id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,

famem,

Sen. Thyest. 64.—

To delay:

hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,

Sen. Troad. 1131.—

Of darkness, to dispel:

lux solverat umbras,

Stat. Th. 10, 390.—

Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:

aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,

Sen. Phoen. 406:

electus formae certamina solvere pastor,

Stat. Achill. 2, 337:

jurgia solvere,

Manil. 3, 115:

contradictiones solvere,

Quint. 7, 1, 38.—

Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:

quia quaestionem solvere non posset,

Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:

aenigmata,

Quint. 8, 6, 53:

omnes solvere posse quaestiones,

Suet. Gram. 11:

haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,

Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:

unum tantum hoc solvendum est,

that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:

puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,

id. Ep. 48, 6:

carmina non intellecta Solverat,

Ov. M. 7, 760:

triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,

Sen. Oedip. 102:

nodos juris,

Juv. 8, 50:

proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,

Quint. 5, 10, 96:

plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,

id. 1, 10, 49:

quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,

id. 3, 7, 3:

ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,

id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—

In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.

Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:

quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,

Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:

inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),

Liv. 6, 14, 5:

quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,

id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:

pro vectura rem solvit?

paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:

ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,

id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:

tibi res soluta est recte,

id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:

ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,

id. ib. 5, 2, 20:

rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,

id. ib. 5, 3, 45:

dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,

id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:

res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,

id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);

semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,

they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:

si tergo res solvonda'st,

by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,

id. Curc. 3, 9:

tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,

id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,

Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:

cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,

Cic. Fl. 18, 43:

ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,

id. ib. 20, 46:

misimus qui pro vectura solveret,

id. Att. 1, 3, 2:

qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,

Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:

ut creditori solvat,

Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:

si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,

it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:

numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,

to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,

id. ib. 2, 24, 84:

cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,

Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:

non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,

Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—

With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:

postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,

settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:

solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,

id. Fl. 23, 54:

ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,

id. Att. 16, 2, 1:

solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,

Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:

aes alienum solvere,

Sen. Ep. 36, 5:

quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?

id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,

debitum solvere,

id. ib. 6, 30, 2:

ne pecunias creditas solverent,

Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:

ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,

Liv. 6, 15, 5:

ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:

cum patriae quod debes solveris,

Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:

debet vero, solvitque praeclare,

id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:

aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,

Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:

qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,

id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —

By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:

emi: pecuniam solvi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:

pro frumento nihil solvit,

id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §

169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,

Liv. 44, 16:

hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,

Nep. Milt. 7, 6:

nisi pecuniam solvisset,

id. Cim. 1, 1:

condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,

Liv. 30, 37 med.:

pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,

id. 36, 3, 1:

pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,

id. 32, 26, 14:

pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,

id. 40, 39 fin.:

meritam mercedem,

id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:

quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,

Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

stipendium,

Liv. 28, 32, 1:

dotem mulieri,

Dig. 24, 3, 2:

litem aestimatam,

the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:

arbitria funeris,

the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:

solvere dodrantem,

to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:

dona puer solvit,

paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,

munera,

id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:

et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:

si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,

Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:

si (actor) solutus fuisset,

Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —

Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:

aliquid praesens solvere,

to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,

aliquid de praesentibus solvere,

Sen. Ep. 97, 16:

solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,

Vell. 2, 25:

quas solvere grates sufficiam?

Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;

nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,

Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:

unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):

Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,

Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:

homines dicere, se a me solvere,

id. ib. 5, 21, 11:

(summa) erat solvenda de meo,

Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:

operas solvere alicui,

to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:

stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,

Gai. Inst. 4, 90:

iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,

Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;

2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,

a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.

in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,

Liv. 31, 13:

nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,

Dig. 50, 17, 105:

qui modo solvendo sint,

Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:

si solvendo sint,

Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:

nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,

Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:

solvendo non erat,

Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:

cum solvendo civitates non essent,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,

id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,

id. Off. 2, 22, 79;

and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,

Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:

*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),

Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —

To fulfil the duty of burial.

Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:

qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,

who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,

Curt. 3, 12, 15:

proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,

id. 10, 6, 7:

ut justa soluta Remo,

Ov. F. 5, 452:

nunc justa nato solve,

Sen. Hippol. 1245.—

Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:

exsequiis rite solutis,

Verg. A. 7, 5:

cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,

Sen. Hippol. 1198:

solvere suprema militibus,

Tac. A. 1, 61.—

Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.

Alone:

vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,

Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:

quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,

Liv. 31, 9 fin.:

liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,

id. 40, 44, 8:

placatis diis votis rite solvendis,

id. 36, 37 fin.:

petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,

id. 45, 44:

animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,

Sen. Ep. 73, 5:

vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,

Tac. A. 2, 69:

vota pater solvit,

Ov. M. 9, 707:

ne votum solvat,

Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:

voti debita solvere,

Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.

the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),

Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:

V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),

ib. 2022 et saep.:

sacra solvere (=votum solvere),

Manil. 1, 427.—

With dat.:

ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,

Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:

vota Jovi solvo,

Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:

sunt vota soluta deae,

id. F. 6, 248:

dis vota solvis,

Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:

libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),

Just. 18, 5, 4.—

Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:

fidem obligatam liberare,

Suet. Claud. 9):

illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,

Flor. 1, 1, 12;

similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),

Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—

Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):

perinde quasi promissum solvens,

Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:

solvitur quod cuique promissum est,

Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;

similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,

what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.

Lit.

(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:

tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,

id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:

reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,

id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:

cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?

Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:

nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,

unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,

Liv. 27, 51:

eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,

id. 24, 45, 10:

non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,

Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—

(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;

postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,

Sen. Ep. 90, 21;

ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,

Col. 2, 9:

soluta et facilis terra,

id. 3, 14;

solum solutum vel spissum,

id. 2, 2 init.;

seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,

Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:

hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,

id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:

solutiores ripae,

Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:

mas spissior, femina solutior,

Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:

dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,

Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—

(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:

turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:

aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,

id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—

Trop.

(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:

(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,

Cic. Or. 47, 173:

verbis solutus satis,

id. ib. 47, 174:

solutissimus in dicendo,

id. ib. 48, 180.—

Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:

quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?

Cic. Planc. 30, 72:

soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,

unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,

Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;

non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,

id. ib. 4, 21, 3;

solutus omni fenore,

Hor. Epod. 2, 4;

nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,

Liv. 8, 32, 5:

Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—

Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:

quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,

Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:

apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,

Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,

i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:

maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—

Free from cares, undistracted:

animo soluto liberoque,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,

id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—

At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:

te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,

Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:

quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,

id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:

Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,

Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—

Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:

quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,

Cic. Dom. 39, 104:

an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?

Sen. Ep. 23, 4:

vultus,

Stat. Th. 5, 355:

(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,

unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—

Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:

cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,

Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:

ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,

Liv. 29, 1 fin.:

Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,

Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:

incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,

Tac. A. 2, 4:

quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,

Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:

rectore solutos (solis) equos,

Stat. Th. 1, 219.—

Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:

nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;

cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,

id. Div. 1, 2, 4:

judicio senatus soluto et libero,

id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:

sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,

id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,

id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,

uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—

Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:

amores soluti et liberi,

Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

licentia,

id. ib. 4, 4, 4:

populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,

id. ib. 1, 34, 53:

quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,

id. Mil. 13, 34:

quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,

Liv. 27, 31 fin.:

adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,

id. 2, 1, 2:

solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,

a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,

Suet. Aug. 44:

mores soluti,

licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—

Regardless of rules, careless, loose:

orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,

Cic. Brut. 62, 225:

dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,

Tac. A. 16, 18.—

Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.

Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:

est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—

More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);

in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,

Cic. Or. 52, 174:

mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,

id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;

68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,

Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;

de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,

id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:

ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,

id. ib. 7, 1:

primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,

Cic. Brut. 8, 32:

Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,

id. Or. 57, 192:

et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,

id. ib. 64, 215:

a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,

id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—

Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:

ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,

Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:

nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—

Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:

soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,

Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:

solutiora componere,

id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—

Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):

sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,

Quint. 11, 3, 146.—

Undisciplined, disorderly:

omnia soluta apud hostes esse,

Liv. 8, 30, 3:

nihil temeritate solutum,

Tac. A. 13, 40:

apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,

Just. 34, 2, 2.—

Lax, remiss, weak:

mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,

Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,

Tac. Or. 18:

soluti ac fluentes,

Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:

solutum genus orationis,

a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:

quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,

laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—